Ihererekanyabikomere cyangwa se ‘Intergenerational Trauma’ ni uburyo umuntu wahungabanyijwe n’ibintu bitandukanye ariko kubera uburemere bw’ibyamubayeho n’ihungabana yagize, akabihererekanya n’abo babana ariko batari bari aho ibyamuhungabanije byabereye.
Bikunze kubaho cyane ku babyeyi n’abana, aho umubyeyi ahora arangwa no kutavuga cyangwa se agahora yuka inabi umwana we mu by’ukuri nta n’ikibi yakoze ugasanga umwana abayeho muri ubwo bwigunge.
Umuntu ashobora no kubivukana aho umubyeyi ashobora kuba yaragize ibibazo bikomeye bikaviramo n’umwana abyaye kurigira.
Biragoye kuvuga indwara zifite aho zihurira n’ihungabana ntihagarukwe kuri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, kuko uretse guhitana ubuzima bw’abarenga miliyoni,yateje ikibazo cy’ihererekanyabikomere ku buryo bukomeye.
Ni ikibazo kiri kugaragara mu rubyiruko ahanini ku bana bafite ababyeyi barokotse Jenoside yakorewe abatutsi, kubera ihungabana rikabije n’ibindi bibazo by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe uwo mubyeyi aba yaragize bituma afata umwana nabi rimwe ugasanga ahora umubano wabo ntiwifashe neza
Akenshi usanga n’iyo umwana amubajije ikibimutera umubyeyi adakunda kumubwira impamvu, umwana agakomeza kuba muri uwo mubabaro ku buryo ibikomere by’umubyeyi bigeraho bikajya no ku mwana.
Kubera ubukana Jenoside yakoranywe haba n’ubwo umubyeyi yirinda kubibwira umwana we agahitamo kwikorera uwo mutwaro wenyine, n’ubwo ku ruhande rundi na byo bituma akomeza kubaho muri urwo rujijo rushobora no kumugiraho ingaruka mbi mu bitekerereze.
Ntabwo ihererekanyabikomere rigaragarira gusa ku ngaruka za Jenoside ahubwo n’andi mateka ashaririye umubyeyi ashobora kuba yaranyuzemo yaba ay’ubukene cyangwa ihohoterwa iyo mibabaro yose ikajya no ku mwana.
Inzobere mu buzima bw’Imitekerereze Dr Ndagijimana Jean Pierre, avuga ko uretse abo babyeyi n’abana bariho mu gihe cya Jenoside aribo rubyiruko rw’ubu bahuye n’ibikomere by’indengakamere ku buryo ihungabana bafite ubu rifite aho ryakomotse.
Ati “Biteye agahinda kuba umwana muto agenda agasanga imibiri y’abantu ku mihanda. N’umuntu mukuru birenze imitekerereze ye. Urwo rubyiruko rero nirwo dufite ubu. Iri hererekanyabikomere rero si igitangaza.”
Akomeza avuga ko bigendanye n’ibyabaye ibi bikomere bigaragara ku rubyiruko bifite igisobanuro ku myifatire n’imibereho rubayeho uyu munsi.
Kwigira ku mateka, kimwe mu bisubizo byafasha urubyiruko
Dr Ndagijimana asobanura ko ibyabaye ku muryango nyarwanda byagakwiriye kuba isomo, mu guca ihererekanyabikomere harerwa urubyiruko ruzira ibikomere kuko ari rwo bayobozi b’ejo hazaza.
Ati “Icyo gihe icyo umubyeyi azaba aha umwana si igikomere ahubwo ni icyo yakuye mu gikomere kuko aba amugaragariza icyabiteye ndetse akamukangurira ku cyirinda.”
Akomeza avuga ko kwigira ku mateka byahumurije abantu kuko iyo bitaba ibyo abantu batashoboraga kwiyakira na busa.
Gatabazi Clever wo mu Muryango Never Again Rwanda avuga ko hari ihungabana risanzwe, irisangirwa (transmission trauma) n’iryambukiranya ibinyejana (Intergenerational trauma).
Avuga ko akenshi na kenshi iri ryambukiranya ibinyejana, mu Rwanda rikunda kuva ku bacitse ku icumu rya Jenoside, abakoze Jenoside, abahohotewe mu gihe cya Jenoside, abarokotse Jenoside batazi inkomoko yabo aho bose baba barihereza abana babo dore ko ari bo baba banabana mu buzima bwa buri munsi.
Avuga ko iki kibazo kitakemurwa n’urwego rumwe ahubwo ubufatanye bw’inzego zose zaba iza leta, iz’abikorera n’imiryango itandukanye bagasenyera umugozi umwe kugira ngo ikererekanyabikomere riranduke.
Asobanura ko bakimara kubona ko iki kibazo cyiganje mu rubyiruko bahisemo kugimemura bahereye hasi mu muryango hahangwa amatsinda atandukanye aho urubyiruko ruhura rukaganira ku bikomere rufite bakaba bagerageza kuba babivurana ubwabo ariko bafite ubafasha muri urwo rugendo.
Ati “Dufite n’icyo twita ‘Youth Lab’ gahunda ihuza ababyeyi n’urubyiruko bakaganira kuri ibyo bikomere, bijyana n’ibiganiro byiswe ‘inter-generational dialogue’ bigamije guhuza ababyeyi n’urubyiruko kugira ngo ihererekanyabikomere ricike burundu.”
Kugeza ubu ‘Never Again Rwanda ifite amatsinda agera kuri 90 mu turere twa Gasabo, Nyagatare, Rutsiro na Musanze arimo abagera ku 2090 barimo abakuru n’urubyiruko.
Umushakashatsi mu Kigo gifasha mu guhangana n’ihungabana (Community Based Socio-Therapy: CBS), Nzabonimpa Emmanuel avuga ko gahunda yabo ya Mvura Nkuvure, mu kurwanya iki kibazo bibanze ku bari bahari mu gihe cya Jenoside kugira ngo babahe ubufasha.
Nyuma ngo baje gusanga iki kibazo kiri no mu bakiri bato babibwiwe n’ababyeyi babo bavugaga ko n’ubwo bafashwa ariko n’abana babo bafite ibi bikomere.
Asobanura ko mu bitera ibi bikomere mu rubyiruko ari ababyeyi banga kubwira bana babo ibyababayeho muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi cyane ko byari indengakamere bakanga kubibwira abana babo.
Ati “Byatumaga abana bahangana n’ibikomere ku mutima bafite ariko bo batazi aho biva. Uruhande rw’abana babwirwa amakuru atari yo cyane abo mu miryango y’abakoze Jenoside na byo biba indi mpamvu.”
Akomeza avuga ko abana b’abakoze Jenoside banyuze muri iyi Mvura Nkuvure bamenye amakuru ya nyayo binyuze mu kubageza ku babyeyi babo bafungiye icyo cyaha, ubu ikibazo kikaba ari ipfunwe bafite ry’ibyo ababyeyi babo bakoze.
Avuga ko Mvura Nkuvure ifasha mu guhugura abantu batandukanye hanyuma na bo bakajya kuzana ba bana bakababuza bakaganira ku buzima bwabo ndetse n’imiryango yabo bibanda ku byo banyuzemo.
Ati “Wa mwana uhawe amahirwe yo kuvuga ku bimuremerera [araruhuka] kuko batubwiye ko ikibazo bari bafite ari ugutinyuka ababyeyi babo ngo babe bagira icyo bababaza ku byabaye. Bafashwa mu kwerekwa uburyo babazamo amakuru ababyeyi babo hanyuma bya bikomere bikagenda bigabanuka”
“Nk’urugero niba umwana yarabwiwe ko ababyeyi be bafunze kuko bamwanga, kubera ko yigishijwe uburyo yabazamo umubyeyi, amubaza impamvu abana baturanye badafite ababyeyi, bikaba impamvu nziza yo gusobanukirwa cya kibazo kikavaho.”
Bose bahuriza ku ngingo y’uko ababyeyi bagerageza uko bashoboye bakigira ku mateka noneho akababera impamvu yo guca urwo ruhererekane rw’ibikomere ku buryo urubyiruko rwatangira kubaho rufite icyizere cy’ejo hazaza.
