Abenshi batekereza ko ubusobanuro nyamukuru bw’Imihindagurikire y’Ikirere ari ukwiyongera k’ubushyuhe, ariko uku kwiyongera ubusanzwe ni intangiriro y’inkuru gusa kubera ko Isi ari izingiro ry’urusobe rwa byinshi aho impinduka zibaye mu gace kamwe zishobora gusabagira mu tundi duce twose.
Mu mashuri abanza twigishijwe ku kuba ikirere cyaragombaga guhinduka, ku buryo tudashobora kubaho mu itumba cyangwa ngo tube mu mpeshyi igihe cy’umwaka wose. None niba bimeze bityo, iyi mvugo y’Imihindagurikire y’Ikirere isobanuye iki? Ni iki gitera izi mpinduka? Kuki ari ingingo ihangayikishije kandi kuki urubyiruko narwo rurebwa n’ibi bibazo by’Imihindagurikire y’Ikirere, ndetse n’iki gishobora gukorwa?
Imihindagurikire y’Ikirere, ijyanye no kwihinduranya k’ubushyuhe by’igihe kirekire aho uko gusimburana gushobora guterwa n’impamvu karemano nk’umwikubo w’izuba. Ni inkuru yubuwe mu myaka ya 1800, aho ibikorwa bya muntu ari byo biri ku ruhembe mu guteza ikibazo cy’imihindagurikire y’ikirere cyane cyane ibijyanye no gutwika amakara, imikoreshereza ya peteroli, amavuta na gaze.
Ibyo byose bipfupfunyura imyuka mibi bikazabiranya ikirere Isi ikamera nk’itwikiriwe ku buryo bituma habaho kwa kwiyongera k’ubushyuhe ku rugero rwo hejuru. Ingero z’imyuka zitangwa nk’iziganje mu guhumanya ikirere, harimo Dioxide de Carbone ndetse na Gas Methane, iyi myuka mibi ikaba ikunze kuva mu modoka, amakara no gutwika ibiti cyangwa gutekesha inkwi.
Gutema ibiti no guhindura imisozi ubutayu, biri mu byongera umwuka wa Dioxide de Carbone, mu gihe nka Gas Méthane yo ikunze guturuka mu bimoteri maze ibyo byose bigakomatanyiriza hamwe n’inganda, inyubako nini, ubwikorezo bwo ku butaka no mu kirere, ubuhinzi n’imikoreshereze y’ubutaka byose bigateza iyo myuka ihumanya ikirere.
Ibi byose ntibigamije kugutera ubwoba, ahubwo intego ni ukwigisha kuko ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ikirere zirimo ibura ry’amazi, inkongi, kuzamuka kw’amazi y’inyanja, imyuzure, gushonga k’urubura n’izindi ngaruka mbi zikomeye zirimo n’ibiza, byose bigira ingaruka ku bantu bose baba abakuru n’abato.
Ni iki cyakorwa mu gukumira iki kibazo?
Mbese ni gute twakwitwara ngo tubashe kwirinda icyo cyago mu hazaza hacu? Aha hari ibyo ushobora gukora ukaba utanze umusanzu wawe mu kubungabunga no gusigasira ikirere ukaba ushyize itafari ku rugendo rwo gutuma isi idahura n’akaga gakomeye gaturutse ku burangare bwo kutugarira kandi twugarijwe.
Bibaye ibigushobokera, itoze kugenda n’amaguru cyangwa gukoresha igare mu guhashya burundu iyi myuka ihumanya ikirere ndetse mu gihe ibyo bidakunze, ni byiza kwitoza kugenda mu modoka rusange aho gutsimbarara ku kuba buri wese yagenda mu ye kuko iki cyemezo kigaragaza kuba cyagabanya umwuka wa CO2 mu buryo bugaragara.
Ikindi cyakorwa, ni ukugabanya uko bishoboka ingendo zo mu ndege mu gihe hataraboneka izindi ngufu zo kuzitwara zidashingiye kuri peteroli, kugerageza kurya ibyo kurya by’imbere mu gihugu kandi bitabanje gucishwa mu nganda bityo bikagabanya peteroli ikoreshwa mu bwikorezi bwo kwambutsa ibiribwa no gutumiza inyongeramusaruro zibamo n’izishobora kugira ingaruka mbi ku butaka.
Ni ngombwa gutera ibimera biboneye mu mirima yacu, kubyitaho mu buryo bwo kuvomera ku buryo bibasha kubona ibihwanye n’ibyo bikeneye no guhitamo ibikoresho bisukurishwa amazi mu gihe cyo kugura ibyifashishwa mu gutunganya imisatsi, imisarane, koza ibyombo ndetse n’imashini zo kumesa.
