Umuvuduko udasanzwe w’iterambere mu ikoranabuhanga uri gutuma habaho impinduka cyane ku isoko ry’umurimo, ugatuma habaho ubwiyongere bwo gukenera abakozi bafite ubumenyi bwihariye ariko na none ugafungura amahirwe mashya y’akazi.
Mu rwego rwo kugira ngo umuntu arusheho kujyana n’izi mpinduka ni ngombwa gusobanukirwa inzego z’ikoranabuhanga zizaba zihariye imirimo myinshi mu myaka iri imbere.
Dushingiye ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe na LinkedIn, tugiye kugaruka ku mirimo itanu yitezweho kwiharira isoko mu by’ikoranabuhanga, n’ubumenyi bukenewe kugira ngo umuntu abe yabyaza umusaruro aya mahirwe.
Ikoranabuhanga rya Edge AI
Ngira ngo benshi bamaze kumenyera ‘AI’. Iri ni ikoranabuhanga ry’ubwenge bukorano riba rifite ubushobozi bwo gukora nk’umuntu ikintu runaka. Edge AI, rero ryo ni ikoranabuhanga rifasha no kunononsora no gusesengura amakuru akiva ku kiri kuyatanga ako kanya nta handi hantu anyuze.
Urugero niba ushaka kumenya ko imvura iri kugwa, ushobora kwifashisha camera ya telefoni yawe cyangwa utwumvirizo ‘sensors’ twayo bigafata amakuru ashobora kukumenyesha niba imvura iri kugwa.
Mu busanzwe aya makuru ahita yoherezwa kuri ‘servers’ akajya gusesengurwa ukabona igisubizo nyuma ariko hamwe na Edge AI, ako kanya camera cyangwa sensor zikimara kuyafata ihita iyasesengura ikakumenyesha niba imvura iri kugwa nta zindi nzira binyuzemo.
Iri koranabuhanga rikunze gukoresha na za telefoni zigezweho, ibikoresho bisanzwe bikoreshwa na internet, n’ibindi.
Biteganyijwe ko isoko ry’iri koranabuhanga rizaba rihagaze miliyari 28,9$ mu 2028. Rizahanga imirimo irimo nka ‘Edge AI Engineer’; ‘IoT Architect’; ‘Embedded Systems Developer’ n’indi.
Ubumenyi muri porogaramu nka TensorFlow Lite, PyTorch Mobile, Embedded C/C++, na CUDA ni ingenzi
Ikoranabuhanga ririnda amakuru bwite y’abantu
Privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) ni ikoranabuhanga iryo ari ryo ryose ryubakirwa kurinda amakuru bwite ya muntu no kuyabungabungira umutekano ariko rikanoroshya kuyageraho mu gihe akenewe ngo akoreshwe.
Iri ni ikoranabuanga rishobora gukoreshwa mu rwego rw’ubuvuzi, urw’imari, amahoteli n’ahandi.
Isoko ry’iri koranabuanga rizaba rifite agaciro ka miliyari 88$ mu 2025.
Imirimo nka ‘Data Scientist’; ‘Privacy Engineer’; ‘Cryptography Specialist’; na ‘Data Protection Officer’ ni yo izaba yiganje mu minsi iri imbere. Ubumenyi mu bizwi nka ‘encryption’; ‘federated learning’ n’ibindi ni bwo bushobora gutuma ubona aka kazi.
AI yo ku rundi rwego
Explainable AI (XAI) ni ikoranabuhanga ry’ubwenge bukorano ariko ritandukanye cyane. Iri ryubakwa mu buryo ritanga ubusobanuro bwimbitse kandi rikagerageza kumvwa n’abantu.
Kugira ngo ubyumve neza, kuri porogaramu zisanzwe z’iri koranabuhanga hari ubwo uzibaza ibibazo runaka hakaba ubwo zigusubiza ibitekereranye cyangwa bidasobanutse, gusa iri ryo ntiriguha ibisubizo by’ibyo bibazo gusa, ahubwo rinagufasha gusobanukirwa uko byagenze kugira ngo ibyo bisubizo biboneke.
Ni nko kugira ikoranabuhanga ritagaragaza ibisubizo cyangwa ibikenewe gusa ahubwo rinagaragaza n’imvano yabyo.
Isoko rya XAI rizagera kuri miliyari 21$ mu 2030.
Iri koranabuhanga rizajya ritanga imirimo ya ‘XAI Developer’; ‘AI Auditor’ n’iyindi. Gushaka ubumenyi mu bikoresho nka SHAP (SHapley Additive exPlanations) na LIME (Local Interpretable Model-agnostic Explanations), bikoreshwa mu kubaka iri koranabuhanga ni ingenzi cyane.
Sustainable IT
Sustainable IT, ni uburyo bushimangira imikoreshereze y’ikoranabuhanga mu buryo bugabanya ingaruka mbi ku bidukikije na sosiyete. Ibyo bikubiyemo gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ryimakaza imikoreshereze y’ingufu neza, ritangiza imitungo kandi ryita u mibereho myiza y’abaturage.
Urugero nko guteza imbere ibikorwaremezo by’ikoranabuhanga bitangiza ibidukikije kandi bikoresha ingufu neza, gukoresha ibikoresho bishobora gukusanywa nyuma bikaba byasubizwa mu nganda ngo bikorwemo ibindi bikoresho n’ibindi.
Isoko ry’iyi mirimo rizaba rihagaze miliyari 417,35$ mu 2030.
Imirimo nka ‘IT Architect’; ‘Green Data Center Manager’ na ‘Circular Economy Specialist’ ikomeje guhangwa aho abakenera kuzayikora bagomba kuba bafite ubumenyi mu bijyanye na ‘energy-efficient algorithms’; ‘green cloud computing’; ‘e-waste management systems’ n’ibindi.
Bioinformatics
Bioinformatics ni ikoranabuhanga rihuriza hamwe siyansi n’imikoreshereze ya mudasobwa. Ni uburyo amakuru ajyanye n’ibinyabuzima ashobora gusesengurwa hifashishijwe porogaramu za mudasobwa. Aha urugero rwa hafi wafata ni nko gufata ibipimo bya ADN cyangwa se DNA mu Cyongereza.
Isoko ry’iri koranabuhanga rizaba rihagaze agaciro ka miliyari 24,73$ mu 2028. Imirimo igenda iremwa na ryo yazamutseho 60% hagati ya 2020-2021.
Imirimo irimo ni nka ‘Bioinformatics Analyst’; ‘Computational Biologist’; ndete na Genomic Data Scientist ni yo rikomeje Gahanga. Ubumenyi mu bijyanye na Python R, Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) analysis, ndetse na machine learning ni ngombwa ngo ukore iyi mirimo.
