Urubyiruko rufatwa nk’amizero y’ahazaza h’igihugu ndetse ni yo mpamvu bikwiye ko rwubakirwaho gahunda nyinshi kugira ngo nirugera mu nshingano rutazakigusha mu manga.
Mu Rwanda ho ni umwihariko kuko urubyiruko rufitiye igihugu umwenda bijyanye n’uko imbaraga zarwo zakoreshejwe cyane mu kugira igihugu umuyonga muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, ariko bamwe muri bo bagafata iya mbere bakayihagarika.
Ibarura Rusange rya Gatanu ku mibereho n’imiturire y’Abanyarwanda ryagaragaje ko Abanyarwanda bari munsi y’imyaka 25 barenga 58%, mu gihe abari munsi ya 30 barenga 65%.
Ni mu gihe kandi abari munsi y’imyaka 35 bo ari 75%, imibare igaragaza ko u Rwanda rugizwe n’abakiri bato ndetse rudafashe ingamba zikwiye zirwubakiyeho, ahazaza haba hajegajega.
Izo mpamvu zijyana n’uko 2024 ari umwaka udasanzwe mu nguni zose z’u Rwanda, kuba igihugu kiri mu mpera ya gahunda yo kwihutisha iterambere izwi nka NST1, no kujya imuzi gahunda zizafasha kugera ku ntego z’icyerekezo 2050, aho igihugu gishaka kujya mu bizaba bikize. Ibi ntibyagerwaho mu gihe hari imico n’imyitwarire idahwitse ikomeza kwimakazwa.
Muri iyi nkuru, tugiye kugaruka ku bintu urubyiruko rukwiye gutana na byo ndetse rukabisiga mu 2023 niba koko rushaka gutanga umusanzu warwo mu iterambere.
Ubusinzi
Imwe mu myifatire igomba gusigara mu 2023 ni iy’ubusinzi n’ikoreshwa ry’ibiyobyabwenge, kuko nta muntu watera imbere mu gihe ubwenge bwe butari ku murongo ndetse bishobora no kugutesha ikuzo mu bandi. Uretse icyo, inzoga zishobora kugushora mu byaha wafungirwa na burundu.
Imibare y’Urwego rw’Ubugenzacyaha, RIB, yasesenguwe mu myaka ine igaragaza ko ibiyobyabwenge n’ibisindisha byiganje mu bantu bari hagati y’imyaka 18 na 30, baboneka cyane mu rubyiruko rwiga.
Iyi ni yo mpamvu mu mwaka ushize hatangijwe ubukangurambaga bugamije kurandura iki kibazo mu kwimakaza ubuzima buzira ibisindisha, abaha inzoga abari munsi y’imyaka 18 bagahanwa kugira ngo urubyiruko rw’u Rwanda rukomeze kubaho ubuzima bufite intego.
Gutega amaboko
Ni byiza guterwa inkunga haba mu buryo bw’amikoro, ibitekerezo n’ibindi. Icyakora biba bibi iyo umuntu ahora abona ko we ntacyo yakwishoboza, agahora atekereza ko iterambere rye azarikesha abandi, we arigizemo uruhare ruri hafi ya ntarwo. Izo ntekerezo urubyiruko rushaka gutera imbere rugomba kuzita mu 2023.
Kugeza uyu munsi muri gahunda zitandukanye zashyizweho, abafite intege nke ntibibagiranye ariko bigenda muri wa muco wa ‘nsiga ninogereze’ bivuze ko umuntu agomba gufashwa ariko na we yagize uruhare atanga mu kwikura mu bukene.
Urubyiruko na rwo ntirwasigaye kuko nk’ubu Ikigega gishinzwe guteza Imbere imishinga mito n’Iciriritse, BDF, gikunze gukorana n’urubyiruko giherutse gutangaza ko gifite arenga miliyari 30 Frw agamije gufasha imishinga itandukanye, amahirwe ku rubyiruko rufite intekerezo zagutse kurusha guhora umuntu ateze amaboko ku k’imuhana.
Gukoresha amafaranga akubye ayo winjiza
Bijyanye n’uko bantu binjiza ingano y’amafaranga atandukanye ni na yo mpamvu bakoresha amafaranga mu buryo butandukanye ariko icy’ingenzi ni uburyo bayakoresha.
Hari ibitwara amafaranga by’ibanze nko kwishyura inzu, ibyibanze nkenerwa nk’amafunguro, imyambaro n’ibindi, bikajyana n’imishinga umuntu yihaye ko mu gihe runaka azaba yagezeho.
Amwe mu mabwiriza ashobora kugufasha gukoresha neza amafaranga winjiza cyangwa umusharara wawe ku bawufite arimo itegeko rusange ryakunze kwifashishwa n’abahanga mu by’ubukungu rizwi nka ‘The 50/30/20 Rule’.
Iri tegeko rigaragaza ko 50% by’amafaranga winjiza bigomba kujya mu by’ibanze nkenerwa birimo nko kwishyura inzu ku bakodesha, amafunguro, ibikoresho bikenerwa mu buzima bwa buri munsi n’ibindi.
Rigaragaza ko 30% by’ayo winjiza ubusanzwe yagakwiriye kuba ayo kwishimisha no gusohoka ku babikunda. Nimvuga kwishimisha ntihagire ubyumva nabi kuko buriya gukora ntugire umwanya wo kuganira n’abandi hanze y’akazi na byo ni bibi ku buzima.
Aba bahanga bagaragaza ko 20% bisigaye biba ari ibyo kwizigama cyangwa kwishyura imyenda urimo, bitavuze ko iyo mibare ushobora kuyigena mu bundi buryo ariko iby’ingenzi bikaza imbere.
Kugendera mu kigare
Kimwe mu bikomeje kuzahaza ubuzima bwa benshi n’ubw’urubyiruko burimo, kugendera mu kigare biri mu bya mbere. Usanga umuntu ashaka kubaho ku rugero adafitiye ubushobozi, agafata imyanzuro atatekerejeho cyangwa akajya mu buzima bumushora mu manga.
Ni ikibazo rimwe na rimwe giterwa no gukunda ibintu, ugasanga uguze ibitari ngombwa cyangwa kugira ngo wemeze bagenzi bawe bagufate nk’umuntu ukomeye nyamara ejo ugasanga uri muri ‘iyo menya.’
Iki kibazo kandi giterwa n’ibirimo gutinya ko abantu baguheza, kumva ushaka ikuzo rirenze urugero, gushaka kwiharira imyanya yo hejuru mu buyobozi ngo abantu bamenye ko ufite igitinyiro, bikagusaba ikiguzi kiri hejuru.
Nk’urubyiruko rufite intego, iyo myumvire yagakwiriye gusigara mu 2023, abantu bakagendera ku ndangagaciro zabo, mu gihe wumva hari ikikubangamiye ukakibwira abagushyiraho igitutu ko ibyo bashaka ko ujyamo bitakubaka, inshuti nziza izakumva.
Gutinya gutsindwa
Buri munsi abantu barabyuka bakajya gushabika bizeye ko baronka kuko nta wifuza gusubira imuhira amara masa. Icyakora ku rundi ruhande abantu ntibagakwiriye gutinya gutsindwa kuko abahanga bavuga ko n’iyo bimubayeho hari amasomo aba yungutse.
Usanga umuntu avuga ngo ‘sinzajya mu bucuruzi kuko buhombya’ kandi mu by’ukuri ugasanga nta n’ubushakashatsi yakoze ngo abe yashingira ku makuru ya nyayo. Ibi bijyana no gufatira ingero ku bantu bitakunze nyamara hari abandi bari kuryoherwa n’umusaruro w’ibyo watinye gukora.
Mu by’ukuri ibi ni ukwibuza amahirwe. Icya mbere ni ugukora ubushakashatsi bukaguha amakuru ahagije, hanyuma ukiyemeza kuko ubushabitsi burangwa no gufata umwanzuro ukomeye kandi iyo ngingo ibamo gutsinda no gutsindwa, upfa kudaheranwa n’ibitagenze neza.
Imibereho ishyira ubuzima mu kaga
Ni kenshi abantu babaho mu buryo rimwe na rimwe bushyira mu kaga ubuzima bwabo kandi bazi ko ari ubusirimu n’imibereho myiza. Hari umuntu uba wagize intego guhora imbere ya televiziyo, kuba imbata y’ibiribwa runaka kandi byangiza umubiri, wamureba ugasanga abaho nk’uwihebye.
Abahanga mu by’ubuzima bagaragaza ko iyo myifatire ishobora gushyira uyikora mu bibazo birimo n’iby’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bagasaba aho kwimenyereza ibyo, abantu bafata umwanya wo gusoma, gukora siporo, kumara umwanya ahantu hatuje bagatekereza ku buzima bwabo, niba ari ukureba televiziyo bigakorwa mu buryo budakabije kandi uyireba afite intego y’ingenzi ashaka mu iterambere rye.
Kwiyizera bikabije
Ni byiza ko wiyizera ndetse ugahagarara ku bitekerezo byawe. Icyakora ku rundi ruhande bigira ingaruka mbi iyo udashaka kumva abandi kuko abantu ari bo soko yo kunguka ubumenyi n’ubushobozi.
Izi ntekerezo kandi zituma umuntu ashobora guhura n’ibibazo by’agahinda gakabije gaterwa no guta umutwe kuko nta muntu n’umwe uba ushishikariye gufasha nyirazo, kuko aba azi ko wiyemeje kudahinduka no kutemera inama ugirwa ku byo wakoze, bigatuma umuntu aba mu buzima bushaririye, butagira ingufu ndetse rya terambere yitezweho rikabura burundu.
