Ubuhinzi ni rumwe mu nzego zifitiye igihugu akamaro kuko gahunda y’Igihugu ya kane yo kuvugurura ubuhinzi (PSTA 4) 2018-24 igaragaza ko ubuhinzi bugize kimwe cya gatatu cy’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda.
Butanga hafi ya kimwe cya kabiri cy’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga, kandi butanga akazi ku bajya kungana na bibiri bya gatatu by’abaturage bose bageze igihe cyo gukora.
Gusa ubuhinzi mu Rwanda mu minsi yashize bwakundaga gukorwa n’abakuze ndetse bugakorwa n’abashaka amaramuko bamwe baba badafite ubucuruzi buhambaye ndetse bugakorwa n’abakuze, aho urubyiruko rwo rwabifatanga nka ntibindeba.
Ubu urubyiruko rwashyiriweho uburyo bwinshi burufasha kugana uru rwego, bukiyongera ku masomo atandukanye ruhabwa mu mashuri yisumbuye amakuru na za kaminuza kugira ngo rutozwe hakiri kare kwimakaza ubuhinzi bityo umusaruro uvamo wiyongere.
Mu marushanwa ya Minisiteri n’Urubyiruko n’Umuco agamije guteza imbere ba rwiyemezamirimo batandukanye na ho hashyizwemo icyiciro cy’umushinga mwiza uteza imbere ubuhinzi bikorewe ku ikoranabuhanga byose bigashimangira amahirwe yashyizweho mu guteza imbere uru rwego.
Iraguha Marie Aline washinze ikigo Alifarms Group Ltd, ibi yabyumvise vuba cyane atangiza umushinga wo guteza imbere ubuhinzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga, bwibanda ku guhinga imboga n’imbuto mu buryo bugezweho budasaba ubutaka buzwi nka ‘Hydroponics’.
Ni igitekerezo yagize mu 2017 ubwo yavaga iwabo aje kuba mu Mujyi wa Kigali hanyuma akabura uko yakwiharika imboga n’imbuto aho atuye bituma yiyemeza kubikora mu buryo bugezweho budakenera ubutaka.
Ati “Hari imyumvire abantu bafite itariyo, Ni nde wavuze ko ubuhinzi atari umurimo ubereye urubyiruko? Ntaraza i Kigali nakundaga gutera imboga, ibintu byangoye cyane ubwo nageraga i Kigali ariko ndahatana nkora ubushakashatsi bw’ukuntu nabona imboga kandi ntifashishije ubutaka.”
Hydroponics ni ubuhinzi bukoresha amazi ku kigero cya 90% bushobora gutanga umusaruro wikubye inshuro kuva kuri 3-10 ugereranije n’ubuhinzi busanzwe, ku buso bungana.
Bukorwa bafata ifumbire bakayiyungura yaba iy’imborera ndetse n’imvaruganda bikavangwa, ubundi akaba ari yo bakoresha aho imboga ziba ziteye mu tuntu tw’utuhombo ku buryo bw’impagarike ubundi imboga zigakura.
Biragoye kubona umukobwa utarize ubuhinzi ibyo yize akabireka agaharanira kujya gushaka amahugurwa, akifashisha n’ababyize, byose akabikorera intego yo kugera ku buhinzi bugezweho ndetse butanga umusaruro uruta usanzwe.
Kubera umuhate yashyize muri ubu buhinzi, Iraguha aherutse gutsindira miliyoni y’amafaranga y’u Rwanda mu mishinga yahize iyindi ndetse itanga icyizere cyo gutanga akazi ku bantu batandukanye muri YouthConnekt.
Urukundo afitiye ubuhinzi bwatumye ajya gushaka amahugurwa ajyanye n’ubuhinzi muri Leta zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ubumenyi yavanyeyo abufatanije n’ubwo ahabwa n’abamufasha, yizera ko umusaruro uzaboneka ku buryo buhoraho.
Kugeza ubu afite abakozi batandatu barimo babiri bakora ku buryo bw’ibiraka. Umusaruro wa mbere wahawe abakiliya babo b’imena nk’igerageza ubu bakaba bitegura kugemurira amahoteli atandukanye.
Ati “Ubu buhinzi mbukorera mu rugo cyane ko aho ari ho hose wabuhakorera kuko bwo budasaba guhinga ahubwo bwibanda ku mazi ari mu duhombo twabigenewe.”
Akangurira urubyiruko rugenzi rwe gutekereza mu buryo bwagutse cyane cyane abantu bakava mu buhinzi gakondo bakimukira mu bukoresha ikoranabuhanga cyane ko ubutaka buba buto kandi abakenera kurya biyongera.
Ubuhinzi buri kwitabwaho cyane ku buryo raporo ya Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu igaragaza ko mu mwaka wa 2020/2021 umusaruro w’imbere mu gihugu wiyongereye ahanini bitewe n’uruhare rw’umusaruro w’ibiribwa wihariye 62.3%.
Mu gukomeza kubushyigikira Banki y’Isi nayo iherutse gutanga agera kuri miliyoni 300Frw mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi bugezweho bukoresha ikorabuhanga kugira ngo umusaruro mbumbe ukomoka ku buhinzi uzamuke dore ko ubu ugeze kuri 30%.
Uru ni urugero rwiza rw’imirimo urubyiruko rugomba kujyamo dore ko ari narwo rugize umubare munini w’abadafite akazi muri iyi minsi.
Mu guteza imbere ubuhinzi ku buryo burambye Minisitri w’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi aherutse gutangaza ko gukwirakwiza bishobora gutanga amakuru yose akenewe, gutanga amakuru yumvwa mu buryo bworoshye no guhugura abahinzi ku gukoresha ikoranabuhanga ni bimwe by’ingenzi bigomba gushyirwamo imbaraga mu kwimakaza ubuhinzi bwifashishije ikoranabuhanga mu Rwanda.
