Kuva mu 1901 kugeza mu 2024, hashize imyaka 123 igabanyijemo ibiragano birindwi hashingiwe ku myaka abantu bagiye bavukamo. Ni ibiragano byaranzwe n’imyitwarire itandukanye bijyanye n’aho Isi yabaga igeze kugeza ubu ku bana bari munsi y’imyaka 14 b’ikiragano gishya batazi uko Isi itariho imbuga nkoranyambaga isa kuko bavutse zimaze gushinga imizi.
Dr. Deborah Carr wigisha imibanire muri Kaminuza ya Boston muri Amerika, asobanura ikiragano nk’abantu bavutse mu gihe kimwe aho hakunze kubarwa nibura abavutse mu myaka 20 ikurikirana nk’ikiragano kimwe.
Avuga ko ibyo abo bantu banyuramo mu buzima bwa buri munsi ari byo bitanga umwihariko n’ibiha isura ikiragano cyabo kigatandukana n’ibindi. Ibiragano bishobora kugenda bihindura amazina bitewe n’igihugu, gusa ibyo tugiye kugarukaho dukesha ikinyamakuru Parents cyo muri Amerika amazina yabyo ahurizwaho na benshi.
‘The Greatest Generation’ (GI Generation)
Iki kiragano cya ‘GI’ cyangwa se ‘Ikiragano Gikuru’ tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda, kirimo abantu bavutse kuva mu 1901 kugeza mu 1927.
Iki kiragano cyaranzwe n’agahinda gakomeye ko kuba mu bihe by’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi ndetse mu myaka 10 yakurikiyeho, abakivukiyemo bamwe bari bakuriye urugamba rwo kurwana Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi.
Iki kiragano cyaranzwe no gukunda umuziki wo mu bwoko bwa Jazz, gusa abakirimo ntibashiturwaga cyane n’ibijyanye no gukunda imico itandukanye yari igezweho icyo gihe. Ikindi ni uko bitewe n’ibihe babayemo bataboneye umuryango umwanya uhagije ahubwo bashyiraga imbere gushaka imibereho.
‘The Silent Generation’
Ni Ikiragano Gituje tugenerekeje mu Kinyarwanda, kikaba kibarizwamo abantu bavutse hagati y’umwaka wa 1928 na 1945.
Ni ikiragano na cyo cyavutse mu bisigisigi by’Intambara ya Mbere y’Isi ndetse n’iya Kabiri ntiyatinda gutangira mu 1939. Cyiswe Ikiragano Gituje cyane cyane ku Banyamerika bari bafitiye ubwoba umunyapolitiki wo mu Ishyaka ry’Aba -Republicains witwaga Joseph MacCarthy wari ufite amatwara akomeye ya gikominisiti.
Abana bavutse muri iki gihe baranzwe no kwishakira inzira z’imibereho aho kwegamira cyane ku babyeyi.
‘Baby Boom Generation’
Ni Ikiragano cy’Abana Benshi tugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda. Kibarizwamo abantu bavutse kuva mu 1946 kugeza mu 1964. Abenshi muri bo ni abavutse Intambara ya Kabiri y’Isi imaze kurangira. Icyo gihe havukaga abana benshi ari na yo mpamvu cyitiriwe uburumbuke. Iki kiragano cy’abana, abakivukiyemo baranzwe no gusa n’aho batumvira ababyeyi, bashaka kubaho ubuzima burimo kwirwanaho cyane.
‘Generation X’
Iki Kiragano cya X kibarizwamo abantu bavutse kuva mu 1965 kugeza mu 1980. Ni ikiragano cyo mu gihe iterambere mu bijyanye n’ubwisanzure ryari ritangiye gukwirakwira. Abakirimo bavutse mu nkubiri y’abagize ikizwi nka LGBTQ+ baharaniraga uburenganzira bwabo, ikwirakwira rya kwa virusi itera SIDA ndetse no kureba imico inyuranye ku mashusho yo kuri televiziyo mu bihugu biteye imbere. Muri iki kiragano, ababyeyi bitaye cyane kuri buri kimwe abo bana bakoraga.
‘Generation Y’ (Millennials)
Iki kiragano abenshi bacyita ‘millennials’ bifitanye isano n’ikinyagihumbi. Kirimo abantu bavutse kuva mu 1981 kugeza mu 1996, ibyumvikanisha impamvu y’iryo zina ‘millennials’ kuko abenshi bakivutsemo bari ingimbi n’abangavu mu 2000.
Iki kiragano cyaranzwe no kuba ari cyo cya mbere cyabayeho mu gihe kirimo internet cyangwa itarimo kuko hamwe yarakoreshwaga ariko itarakwirakwira mu bintu byinshi nk’uko bimeze ubu. Abana b’icyo gihe baranzwe no gutozwa cyane n’ababyeyi, kwita ku muryango mugari ndetse n’ibidukikije muri rusange.
‘Generation Z’ (Gen Z)
Iki kiragano kuri ubu gisa n’aho kizwi na benshi bitewe n’uko abakivutsemo ubu ari urubyiruko rwihebeye bitavugwa ikoranabuhanga, ku isonga imbuga nkoranyambaga, kibarizwamo abavutse kuva mu 1997 kugeza mu 2012. Gusa hari n’abavuga ko ab’iki kiragano bavutse kugeza mu 2010.
Abantu bo muri iki kiragano dushatse twakwita abumva neza ikoranabuhanga cyane irya internet kuko ryashinze imizi cyane abenshi bari mu myaka myiza yo kuryisangamo. Ku bijyanye n’ikoranabuhanga cyane irya internet, ni ikiragano aho ikoranabuhanga ari urubyiruko ruryigisha ababyeyi barwo.
Abakirimo barangwa no kwisanzura mu bintu byinshi no kudaheza imico inyuranye, gusabana ndetse no kwidagadura aho bumva bahora basa n’abari kumwe. Ndetse bijya binatuma abo mu bindi biragano bibaruta babikoma ko bazanye imico mibi bitewe n’uko buri kimwe bakoze ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho ricyihutisha kandi baryisangaho cyane. Bamwe muri bo, nko muri Amerika, usanga banashishikajwe n’ibya politiki nyamara bataranageza ku myaka yo gutora.
‘Generation Alpha’
Ikiragano cyiswe Alpha ni cyo kigezweho ubu ngubu, kirimo abavutse kuva mu 2013 kugeza mu mwaka wa 2025. Gusa hari n’abavuga ko cyatangiye mu 2012 ubwo icya Gen Z cyari kirangiye ahubwo.
Abakirimo dushatse twabita abana kuko nta we urimo urengeje imyaka 14. Banabita abana bo mu ikoranabuhanga kuko bavutse rigeze kure bitandukanye n’ikiragano cyababanjirije aho iryo koranabuhanga ryakwiriye cyane bo bakuze, bari mu myaka myiza yo kurikoresha.
Iki kiragano gishya cyihariye byinshi harimo kuba bamwe baravutse mu gihe cya Covid-19, kuvuka ku babyeyi batabana byeze cyane muri iyi myaka ndetse hanitezwe ko bashobora kuzabaho mu mpinduka nyinshi z’ikoranabuhanga kuri ubu riri kwivanga cyane n’imibereho kamere y’abantu.
Gusa kimwe no ku biragano byabanje, uko umwaka utashye impinduka ziba ari nyinshi mu bijyanye n’imibereho abantu bagira. Ariko na none kuri buri kiragano, ababyeyi baba bafite ijambo rinini ku mico batoza ababakomokaho nubwo bwose ifata isura y’aho ibihe biba bigeze.
