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6 must-knows about emergency contraceptives

When it comes to contraception, life sometimes throws us curveballs. Maybe your birth control failed, you had an unplanned slip-up, or maybe you just forgot to take that pill. Don’t panic—emergency contraceptives (EC) could be your safety net. But before you make any snap decisions, here are six must-knows about emergency contraceptives.

  1. What are emergency contraceptives?

Emergency contraceptives are pills or devices that can help prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex or contraceptive failure. They work by delaying ovulation (the release of an egg), preventing fertilization, or preventing a fertilized egg from attaching to the uterus. In short, they’re like your “just in case” backup plan.

There are two main types of ECs. There is the Morning-After Pills, which are the most commonly known ECs. They include pills like Plan B One-Step and Take Action. There is also the Copper IUD. This can be used as EC if inserted within five days of unprotected sex. It’s one of the most effective methods.

  1. Timing is key

You can’t just take the morning-after pill whenever. It’s called “emergency” contraception for a reason—it’s meant to be used right away. The sooner you take it, the better it works. Most morning-after pills should be taken within 72 hours of unprotected sex, but some can work up to five days later. That said, the effectiveness drops the longer you wait.

If you’re relying on an IUD for emergency contraception, it needs to be inserted by a healthcare provider, but it can be effective up to five days post-intercourse. Moral of the story: Don’t wait too long!

  1. It won’t work if you’re already pregnant

Emergency contraceptives don’t work if you’re already pregnant. They are not an abortion pill and won’t affect an existing pregnancy. If you suspect you might already be pregnant, take a pregnancy test and consult a healthcare provider.

  1. Not a regular birth control solution

Emergency contraceptives should not be your go-to form of birth control. Think of them as your safety net, not your primary contraceptive method. Using ECs repeatedly can mess with your hormones and isn’t as reliable as regular birth control methods like the pill, IUDs, or condoms.

In other words, relying on the morning-after pill too much is like keeping a fire extinguisher in your kitchen but never learning how to cook properly. It’s there for emergencies, but it’s not the best long-term strategy.

  1. Side effects can happen (But they’re usually temporary)

Like any medication, emergency contraceptives come with potential side effects. Some people experience nausea, headaches, fatigue, dizziness, or changes in their period cycle. But don’t worry—these side effects are usually short-lived. If they’re bothering you, over-the-counter medication like anti-nausea meds can help.

In rare cases, if you experience severe side effects or if your period is more than a week late, see a healthcare professional for advice.

  1. You don’t need a prescription (But it’s better to talk to a healthcare provider)

In many countries, morning-after pills are available without a prescription and can be purchased at pharmacies or online. Some places might restrict access based on age, but most people 18 and older can buy them over-the-counter.

While you don’t need a prescription to get the pill, it’s still a good idea to talk to a healthcare provider. They can give you advice, ensure there are no underlying health issues, and help you find the most effective contraceptive method for your situation.

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